Tivoli,

Tivoli, a town of Italy, 18 miles E. of Rome by rail and steam-tramway, on the slope of the Sabine hills and the river Teverone (ancient Anio, q.v.). Here works for the electric lighting of Rome were inaugurated in 1892. Under its ancient name of Tibur, it was the favourite summer-resort of the wealthy Romans; and it retains many monuments of antiquity. In a commanding position above the falls of the Anio rises the so-called Sibyl's temple, circular, and in good preservation; the church of San Giorgio is an ancient temple; there are extensive remains of the Emperor Hadrian's magnificent villa, the villa of Mæcenas, mausoleums, aqueducts, baths, &c. Near Tivoli is the famous Villa d'Este, dating from 1551. The name of Tivoli is often used elsewhere (as in Germany) as a synonym for places of entertain- ment, beer-gardens, &c. Pop. 9370. Tibur was a town before the building of Rome, and belonged to the Latin confederation. At a later date Mæcenas, Scipio, Æmilianus, the famous Marius, Metellus Numidicus, and Munatius Plancus had their Tiburtine villas. Horace preferred Tibur to all other places of resort, and had a country-house in the neighbourhood.