Winer. GEORG BENEDIKT, a great New Testament scholar, was born at Leipzig, 13th April 1789, studied there, and in due time became privat-docent and professor extra-ordinary in Theology. He was called to a chair at Erlangen in 1823, but returned as ordinary professor to Leipzig in 1832, and died there, 12th March 1858. Of his numerous works first in importance stands his invaluable and still unequalled Grammatik des Neutestamentlichen Sprachidioms (1821; 7th ed. by Lünemann, 1867). No less admirable are his Biblisches Realwörterbuch (1820; 3d ed. 2 vols. 1847–48), a storehouse of sound learning and sagacity, and the invaluable Handbuch der theologischen Literatur (1821; 3d ed. 2 vols. 1838–40; supplement, 1842). Winer also edited, with Engelhardt, the Neue Kritische Journal der theologischen Literatur (1824–30), and, unaided, the Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Theologie (1826–32).
Other works are the Komparative Darstellung des Lehrbegriffes der verschiedenen Christlichen Kirchenparteien (1824; 4th ed. by Dr Paul Ewald, 1882; Eng. trans. 1873); Grammatik des biblischen und Targumischen Chaldäismus (1824; 3d ed. by Fischer, 1882; Eng. trans. Andover, 1845). Winer's great grammar of New Testament Greek was translated into English by Moses Stuart and Edward Robinson (Andover, 1825), Agnew and Ebbke (from 4th ed. Phila. 1839), Masson (from 6th ed. Edin. 1859), J. Henry Thayer (from 7th ed. Andover, 1869), and W. F. Moulton (Edin. 1870; 2d ed. 1877; 3d ed. 1882). See W. Schmidt, 'Zum Gedächtnis Dr G. B. Winer's,' in the Beiträge zur Sächsischen Kirchengeschichte (1885).