Bulwer, HENRY LYTTON

Bulwer, HENRY LYTTON, diplomatist and author, was born 13th February 1801, the second son of General Bulwer, and an elder brother of Lord Lytton. Entering the diplomatic service in 1827, he was attached successively to the British embassy at Berlin, Brussels, and the Hague. In 1830 he was returned to parliament, and during the following seven years represented, as an advanced Liberal, the constituencies of Wilton, Coventry, and Marylebone. In 1837 he became secretary of embassy at Constantinople, where he negotiated and concluded a very important commercial treaty. In 1843 he was made minister plenipotentiary to the court of Madrid, and, as arbitrator, negotiated the peace between Spain and Morocco in the following year. His firmness and candour offended Narvaez, the Spanish marshal-dictator, who, pretending to have discovered Bulwer's complicity in certain plots, ordered him to leave Madrid. The House of Commons indorsed the whole course of his conduct, and he was made a K.C.B. in 1848, a G.C.B. in 1851. In 1849 he proceeded to Washington, where he concluded the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (q.v.); in 1852 to Florence, and in 1856 to Bucharest. From 1858 to 1865 he was ambassador to the Ottoman Porte, and as successor to Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, ably carried out Palmerston's policy on the Eastern Question. In 1871 he exchanged the familiar title, Sir Henry Bulwer, for that of Lord Dalling and Bulwer. He died at Naples, 23d May 1872. Among his works were An Autumn in Greece (1826); France, Social, Literary, and Political (1834-36); a Life of Byron (1835); Historical Characters (1868-70); and an unfinished Life of Palmerston (1870-74).