Chloric Acid, \text{HClO}_3

Chloric Acid, $\backslash text\{HClO\}\_3$, is the acid corresponding to the hypothetical oxide of chlorine, represented by the formula $\backslash text\{Cl\}\_2\backslash text\{O\}\_5$. It is a syrupy liquid, with faint chlorine odour and acid reaction. A piece of paper dipped into it becomes charred and takes fire, and it is instantly decomposed by contact with organic matter. In itself it is not of much importance, but it forms a class of salts called chlorates, one of which at least is well known. Chlorate of potash, $\backslash text\{KClO\}\_3$, is an article of commercial value, and may be prepared by passing chlorine into a solution of caustic potash, heating the liquid, and crystallising out the salt. It forms pearly plates, which, when heated, melt and give off oxygen in abundance. So also when thrown on red-hot charcoal, oxygen is given off, and violent deflagration ensues. On account of this property it is used in the preparation of coloured fires, but its use is not unattended with danger, owing to their tendency to spontaneous combustion and its explosive properties when triturated with sulphur. Mixed cautiously with amorphous phosphorus, previously moistened with alcohol, it forms a mixture which, when dry, explodes if tapped with a pencil. This mixture is employed in the manufacture of some kinds of matches, which give a slight explosion when struck. If a crystal of chlorate of potash be placed on a piece of paper saturated with turpentine, and a drop of sulphuric acid added, it causes the inflaming of the turpentine with explosive rapidity. The chlorate is also used in medicine, and in a compressed form has become a popular remedy in certain forms of sore throat.