Cisalpine Republic. After the battle of Lodi, in May 1796, General Bonaparte proceeded to organise two states—one on the south of the Po, the Cispadane Republic, and one on the north, the Transpadane. These two were on 9th July 1797 united into one under the title of the Cisalpine Republic, which embraced Lombardy, Mantua, Bergamo, Brescia, Cremona, Verona, and Rovigo, the duchy of Modena, the principalities of Massa and Carrara, and the three legations of Bologna, Ferrara, and the Romagna. The republic had a territory of more than 16,000 sq. m., and a population of 3½ millions. Milan was the seat of the government or Directory. The army consisted of 20,000 French troops, paid by the republic. The republic was dissolved for a time in 1799 by the victories of the Russians and Austrians, but was restored by Bonaparte after the victory of Marengo, with some modifications of constitution and increase of territory. In 1802 it took the name of the
Italian Republic, and chose Bonaparte for its president. A deputation from the republic in 1805 conferred on the Emperor Napoleon the title of King of Italy; after which it formed the kingdom of Italy till 1814. See ITALY.