Eichwald, CHARLES EDWARD, a Russian naturalist, was born at Mitau, in Russia, 4th July 1795, and studied the natural sciences and medicine at Berlin and Vienna, and filled successively chairs of Zoology and Midwifery at Kasan and Wilna, of Zoology and Mineralogy, and next of Palaeontology, at St Petersburg. Here he died 10th November 1876. Eichwald investigated the shores of the
Caspian Sea, the Caucasus, Persia, Germany, Switzerland, and France, travelled over great part of Russia and Scandinavia, and in 1840 made a geological journey through Italy, Sicily, and Algeria. His geognostic, botanical, and zoological researches were unquestionably of more service to Russia than those of any man since Pallas. Besides scientific records of his journeys, his writings include works of great value on the mineral wealth, the zoology, and the palaeontology of Russia.