Emir

Emir (plur. Omrah), an Arabic word, equivalent to 'ruler,' is a title given in the East, and in the North of Africa, to all independent chieftains, and also to all the actual or supposed descendants of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima. The latter are very numerous throughout the Turkish dominions, but, although entitled by birth to be classed among the first of the four orders of society, they enjoy no particular privileges or consideration, and are found engaged in all sorts of occupations. Their privileges are confined to a few unimportant matters, chiefly to the exclusive right to wear turbans of a green colour, that having been the favourite colour of the Prophet. They are placed under the supervision of the Emir-Beshir. The title Emir, in connection with other words, likewise designates different offices. Emir-el-Mumenin, 'Prince of the Faithful,' is the title assumed by the califs themselves, while Emir-al-Omrah, 'Prince of Princes,' was the title of their first minister. The Turkish master of the horse is styled Emir-Achor; the standard-bearer, Emir-Atem; and the leader of the caravans of pilgrims to Mecca, Emir-Hadji. Amir, Ameer, and Amere are other spellings of the same word. Admiral (q.v.) is a derivative.