Fernando Po, an island on the west coast of Africa, in the Bight of Biafra, with an area of 671 sq. m., forms geologically a continuation of the Cameroon Mountains of the mainland. The island, oblong in shape, with steep, rocky coasts, and disposed in a NNE. direction, is bisected by 2° 39' N. lat. Its northern half is almost entirely occupied by the volcanic peak (9300 feet) known to the
English as Mount Clarence, to the Spaniards as Pico Santa Isabel; and its southern half contains a short range lying E. and W. The island is covered with luxuriant vegetation. The average annual temperature at Santa Isabel, the capital (pop. 1500), is 78° F. The island is inhabited by the Bubis, a Bantu tribe, who number 20,000 to 25,000 in all, and by some negroes. Maize and yams, cacao, coffee, palm-oil, and palm-wine are the principal products. Discovered by the Portuguese Fernão do Pao in 1472, the island has belonged to Spain (1777-1827), England and Spain (since 1841).