Galerites

Chambers's Encyclopaedia, Volume 5: Friday to Humanitarians, p. 58

Galerites (galerus, 'a cap'), a genus of fossil sea-urchins, peculiar to and abundant in the Cretaceous System. The generic name, as well as that popularly given to them in the districts where they abound—viz. 'Sugar-loaves,' is descriptive of the elongated and more or less conical shape of their shell. The body in breadth is nearly circular or polygonal. The under surface is entirely flat, and has the mouth placed in its centre, with the vent near the margin. There are five avenues of pores reaching from the mouth to the summit. These fossils are often found silicified. The species figured is one of the most abundant; it has received its specific name from its resemblance to the white caps worn by the priests of Jupiter.

A detailed scientific illustration of a fossilized sea-urchin shell, identified as Galerites albogalerus. The shell is conical and elongated, showing a series of radial ribs and a central ventral surface with five distinct pore canals extending from the mouth area to the apex.
Galerites albogalerus.
Source scan(s): p. 0067