July, the seventh month of the year in our calendar, fifth in the Roman calendar, where it was called Quintilis ('the fifth'). Originally it contained thirty-six days, reduced first to thirty-one, then to thirty, but was restored to thirty-one days by Julius Cæsar, in honour of whom it was named
July (Lat. Julius), his birthday falling on the 12th. In this month the sun leaves Cancer and enters the sign of Leo. According to Dove, the mean temperature of July at London is 64° F.; at Dublin, 61°; at Archangel, 60°; at Berlin, 66°; at Rome, 76°. The average summer temperature at New York is 72° 62°; at San Francisco, 58° 04°.—The 'July Revolution' is that in France in July 1830, by which Charles X. was set aside, and Louis-Philippe became king.