Modocs

Modocs, an Indian tribe of Northern California, which in 1872, after firing on the United States forces, retreated to the neighbouring lava-beds, and there defended themselves desperately till June 1873, killing or wounding 132 of the troops. Their chief, Captain Jack, and three others were hanged in October; about a hundred who had not followed him were permitted to remain in California, the rest (145) were transferred to Indian territory.