Quatrefages

Quatrefages, JEAN LOUIS ARMAND DE, a naturalist, was born at Berthezème (Gard) on 10th February 1810, studied medicine at Strasburg, and in 1838 was appointed professor of Zoology at Toulouse. But this post he soon resigned and went to Paris, to study further for himself. In 1850 he was elected professor of Natural History in the Lycée Napoléon, and in 1855 of Anatomy and Ethnology at the Natural History Museum in Paris. He devoted his attention principally to anthropology and the lower animals, especially annelids. His chief works are L'Espèce Humaine (1877; 8th ed. 1886; Eng. trans. 1879); Souvenirs d'un Naturaliste (1854; Eng. trans. 1857); Unité de l'Espèce Humaine (1861); Crania Ethnica (1875-82); La Race Prussienne (1879; Eng. trans. 1872); Les Pygmées (1887); Histoire Naturelle des Annelés (2 vols. 1866); Darwin et ses Précurseurs Français (1892); and Théories Transformistes (1892). He died 13th January 1892. See ANTHROPOLOGY.