Staurolite

Chambers's Encyclopaedia, Volume 9: Bound to Swansea, p. 697–698

Staurolite (Gr. stauros, 'a cross;' lithos, 'a stone'), a silicate of alumina with ferrous oxide, magnesia, and water, crystallises in trimetric forms, and often occurs as twinned cruciform crystals in certain slates and schists. It is reddish, yellowish brown, or brownish black.

Source scan(s): p. 0716, p. 0717