Arends, LEOPOLD

Arends, LEOPOLD, founder of a widely popular system of stenography, was born near Wilna in Russia, December 1, 1817. Educated at Dorpat, in 1844 he settled in Berlin, where he died 22d December 1882. He wrote dramas, as well as books on popular natural history and ancient Hebrew music, but his name is best known through his 'rational stenography,' first published fully in 1860 in his Vollständige Leitfaden. His is the youngest of the three great rival systems in Germany—the others being those of Gabelsberger and Stolze—but it is perhaps the most widely used, and it has been introduced into the Spanish, French, Hungarian, and Swedish languages. See Wendtland, Leopold Arends und seine Schule (Leip. 1883).