Jagellons, the name of an illustrious dynasty which reigned in Lithuania, Poland, Hungary, and Bohemia. The name is derived from Jagello, the last of a line of hereditary grand-dukes of Lithuania, who succeeded to his patrimonial possession in 1381, and was (1386) appointed successor to his father-in-law, Louis the Great, king of Poland and Hungary, in the former of these kingdoms, after having embraced Christianity, and changed his name to Ladislaus II. He was succeeded on the throne of Poland by six kings of his house, the last of whom, Sigismund Augustus, died in 1572. Through a sister of the last, however, the Jagellon dynasty was continued on the Polish throne till 1668. See POLAND.
Ladislaus, the fourth son of the Jagellon Casimir IV. of Poland, was elected king of Bohemia in 1471, on the death of George Podiebrad, and also succeeded Mathias Corvinus in Hungary in 1490. Ladislaus died in 1516, and was succeeded in both kingdoms by his son, Louis II., who was defeated and slain by the Turks at Mohács (29th August 1526), and with whom terminated the Jagellons of Bohemia and Hungary.