Kitchener, HERBERT, LORD

Kitchener, HERBERT, LORD, of Khartoum and Aspall in Suffolk, born 22d September 1850 at Gunsborough Villa, near Ballylongford, Kerry, studied at Woolwich Academy, and entered the Engineers in 1871. On the Palestine survey 1874–78, and then on that of Cyprus till 1882, he commanded the Egyptian cavalry 1882–84, served in the Soudan campaign 1883–85, was governor of Suakin 1886–88, and Sirdar of the Egyptian army from 1890. As such, he recovered Dongola (1896), defeated the dervishes at the Atbara (April 1898), and by the final victory of Omdurman, 2d Sept. 1898, routed the Khalifa, and won back the Soudan for Egypt. He was raised to the peerage, having four years before been created a K.C.M.G. In 1899 he went with Lord Roberts to South Africa as chief of the staff in the Transvaal War, and in November 1900 he assumed chief command with the rank of lieutenant-general. See G. W. Stevens's With Kitchener to Khartoum (1898).